Halloween costume

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Halloween costumes are costumes worn on or around Halloween, a festival that falls on October 31st. The initial reference to wearing costumes on Halloween originated in Scotland in 1585, but they may have already pre-dated this. There are many references to custom during the 18th and 19th centuries in the Celtic countries of Scotland, Ireland, Mann and Wales. It has been argued that the custom came from the Celestial Celebrations of Samhain and Calan Gaeaf, or from the practice of "soul" during the Christian celebration of Allhallowtide. Wearing costumes and mumming has long been associated with festivals at other times of the year, such as at Christmas. Halloween costumes are traditionally based on frightening supernatural or folkloric creatures. However, the costumes of the 1930s based on the characters in mass media such as movies, literature, and radio are popular. Halloween costumes tend to be worn mainly by young people, but since the mid-20th century they have been increasingly used by adults as well.

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Wearing costumes on Halloween may stem from the belief that supernatural beings, or the souls of the dead, roamed the earth today.

The practice may have come from the Celtic festival, held from October 31 to November 1, to mark the beginning of winter. It's called Samhain in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, and Calan Gaeaf in Wales, Cornwall and Brittany. The festival is believed to have pre-Christian roots. After the Christianization of Ireland in the fifth century, some of these customs may have been preserved in the Christian observance of All Hallows' Eve in the region - the so-called Samhain / Calan Gaeaf - integrating their ancestral traditions with Christians. It is seen as a liminal time, when the spirit or the elf (the Aos SÃƒÆ' ), and the soul of the dead, can more easily come into our world. It is believed that Aos SÃƒÆ' needs to be prayed for to ensure that people and their cattle are safe in the winter.

From at least the 16th century, festivals include mumming and guising, which involves people going from house to house in costume (or disguise), usually reading verses or songs in exchange for food. Perhaps it was originally a tradition in which people posed as Aos SÃƒÆ' , or the souls of the dead, and received offerings on their behalf. Imitating these creatures, or wearing disguises, is also believed to protect themselves from them. It is suggested that mummers and guisers "describe old winter spirits, which demand rewards in return for good fortune". F. Marian McNeill suggests ancient pagan festivals including people who wear masks or costumes to represent spirits, and that faces are marked (or blacked out) with ashes drawn from holy bonfires. In southern Ireland, a man dressed as LÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¡ir BhÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â¡n (white horse) leads the youth reading verses from house to house - some of them have pagan nuances - instead of food. If households donate food, it can expect luck from 'Muck Olla'; not doing so will bring misfortune. In the 19th century in Scotland, young men went from house to house with masked faces, painted or blackened, often threatening to do mischief if they were not welcomed. In parts of Wales, men dressed like creepy creatures named gwrachod , while in some places young people were dressed in cross. Elsewhere in Europe, mumming and costumes are part of other annual festivals. However, in their Celtic-speaking area "it is appropriate for the night that supernatural beings are said to be abroad and can be imitated or denied by human nomads." It has also been argued that the use of the Halloween costumes evolved from a soulful habit, practiced by Christians in Western Europe from at least the 15th century. At Allhallowtide, groups of the poor will go from house to house, collecting soul cakes - either as vice-dead people, or in return to say a prayer for them. A 19th-century English writer said that "it usually consists of children's parties, dressed in fantastic costumes, who go to farmhouses and cottages, sign songs, and beg for cakes (referred to as" Cake Problems "), apples , money, or whatever the good wives will give them. " The soulers usually ask "compassion on all the Christian souls for the soul cake". The practice was called by Shakespeare, his game The Two Gentlemen of Verona (1593). Christian Minister Prince Sorie Conteh writes about wearing a costume: "Traditionally it is believed that the souls of the dead wandered to the earth until All Saints 'Day, and All Hallows' Eve gave one last chance for the dead to take revenge on the enemies they, before moving on to the next world.In order not to be recognized by any soul who might seek such a retaliation, one would wear a mask or costume to disguise their identity. "In the Middle Ages, the statues and relics of martyrs paraded in the streets of Allhallowtide. Some churches that can not afford these things make people dressed as saints. Some believers continue the practice of dressing as saints, Bible characters, and reformers in today's Halloween celebrations. Many Christians in continental Europe, especially in France, believe that on Halloween "the dead in the churchyard go up for a wild, frightening carnival," known as danse macabre, which is often depicted in church decorations.. An article published by Christianity Today claims danse macabre is enforced in the village parade and in court masques, with people "dressing up like corpses from different walks of life", and suggesting this is the origin of the Halloween costume party.

Halloween habits in North America were first recorded in 1911, where a newspaper in Kingston, Ontario reported that children would "disguise" around the neighborhood. In 19th century America, Halloween is often celebrated with costume parades and "unscrupulous feast". However, efforts were made to "tame" the festival to fit the morality of the Victorian era. Halloween is made private rather than a public holiday, celebrations involving liquor and sensuality are not emphasized, and only children are expected to celebrate the festival. The early Halloween costumes emphasize Halloween's gothic nature, and are aimed primarily at children. Costumes are also made at home, or using items (such as make-up) that can be bought and used to make costumes. But in the 1930s, the U.S. Fishbach, Ben Cooper, Inc., and other companies began mass producing Halloween costumes for sale in stores as trick-or-treating became popular in North America. Halloween costumes are often designed to mimic supernatural and frightening creatures. Costumes are traditionally like monsters like vampires, werewolves, zombies, ghosts, skeletons, witches, goblins, trolls, demons, etc. Or in recent years, science fictional characters such as aliens and superheroes. There are also pop culture costumes such as presidents, athletes, celebrities, or characters in movies, television, literature, etc. Another popular trend is for women (and in some cases, men) to use Halloween as an excuse to wear sections or reveal costumes, showcase more skin than is socially acceptable otherwise. Young girls are also often dressed as a totally non-creepy character on Halloween, including princesses, fairies, angels, funny animals, and flowers.

There are controversial costumes for years. One that sparked a major controversy before Halloween 2015 was the corset costume "Caitlyn Jenner". Despite public criticism claiming that the costume was offensive, popular retailers plan to go full with selling costumes; one defending their beliefs to sell the costume as a celebration of Jenner.

Halloween costumes generally take place on or about 31 October, often on Fridays or Saturdays before the holidays.

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Halloween economic costumes

The researchers conducted a survey for the National Retail Federation in the United States and found that 53.3 percent of consumers planned to buy costumes for Halloween 2005, spending $ 38.11 on average (up $ 10 from a year earlier). They are also expected to spend $ 4.96 billion in 2006, up significantly from just $ 3.3 billion a year earlier. The troubled economy has caused many Americans to cut back on Halloween spending. In 2009, the National Retail Federation anticipated that American households would reduce Halloween spending by 15% to $ 56.31. In 2013, Americans spend about $ 6.9 billion to celebrate Halloween, including an estimated $ 2.6 billion for costumes (with more spent on adult costume than for kids costumes) and $ 330 million for pet costumes.

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