The tree of life is a broad myth (myth) or archetype in the mythology of the world, more closely related to the concept of the holy tree , and hence in religious and philosophical traditions.
The expression Tree of Life is used as a metaphor for the common phylogenetic tree in the evolutionary sense in a famous passage by Charles Darwin (1872).
The tree of knowledge, linking to heaven and the underworld, and the tree of life, connecting all forms of creation, both world tree forms or cosmic trees, according to the EncyclopÃÆ'Â|dia Britannica, and depicted in various religions and philosophies as trees same.
Video Tree of life
Religion and mythology
Life trees are told in folklore, culture, and fiction, often related to immortality or fertility. They come from religious symbolism.
Ancient Iran
In Persian mythology, the world tree of Gaokerena is the great and holy Haoma tree that bears all the seeds. Ahriman (Ahreman, Angremainyu) creates a frog to attack the tree and destroy it, which aims to prevent all trees from growing on the earth. In reaction, God (Ahura Mazda) creates two car fishes staring at the frogs to guard the trees. The two fish always looked at the frog and remained ready to react. Because Ahriman is responsible for all crimes including death, while Ahura Mazda is responsible for all the good (including life) the concept of the world tree in Persian mythology is closely related to the concept of the Tree of Life.
The sacred plant haoma and the drink made from it. Preparation of beverages from factories by hitting and drinking is a key feature of the Zoroastrian ritual. Haoma is also personified as a divine person. It provides important vital qualities - health, fertility, husbands for girls, and even immortality. The source of the haoma plant on earth is the shining white tree that grows on a paradise mountain. The stalk of this white haoma is brought to earth by the God of the gods.
Haoma is the Avestan form of Sanskrit soma . The close identities of both in ritual sense are considered by scholars to point out the outstanding features of the Indo-Iranian religion that preceded Zoroastrianism.
Another related issue in ancient Iranian mythology is the myth of Mashy? and Mashyane, two trees that are the ancestors of all living things. This myth may be regarded as a prototype for the creation myth in which living things were created by God (who has a human form).
Ancient Mesopotamia and Urartu
The Assyrian Tree of Life is represented by a series of nodes and alternating lines. It is apparently an important religious symbol, often attended in the reliefs of Assyrian palaces by human or hawk-headed jinns, or Kings, and blessed or fertilized with buckets and cones. Asyriologists have not reached consensus on the meaning of this symbol. The name "Tree of Life" has been attributed to it by a modern scholarship; it is not used in Assyrian sources. In fact, there is no textual evidence associated with any known symbols.
The Epic of Gilgamesh is a similar search for immortality. In Mesopotamian mythology, Etana searched for 'birth crops' to give him a son. It has a strong origin, which is found in the cylindrical seal of Akkad (2390-2249 BC).
In ancient Urartu, the Tree of Life was a religious symbol and was drawn on the walls of the castle and carved into the soldiers' armor. The branches of the tree are divided equally on the right and left side of the stem, with each branch having one leaf, and one leaf at the top of the tree. Slaves stood on each side of the tree with one hand as if they were caring for a tree.
Jewish sources
Etz Chaim , Hebrew for "tree of life," is a generic term used in Judaism. The phrase, found in the Book of Proverbs, is metaphorically applied to the Torah itself. Etz Chaim is also a common name for yeshiva and synagogue as well as for rabbinic literature. It is also used to describe each of the wood poles in which the parchment of the Sefer Torah is attached.
The tree of life is mentioned in Genesis; it is different from the tree of knowledge of good and evil. After Adam and Eve disobeyed God by eating the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil, they were expelled from the Garden of Eden. What remains in the garden, however, is the tree of life. To prevent their access to this tree in the future, Cherubim with a blazing sword is placed to the east of the garden. (Genesis 3: 22-24)
In the Book of Proverbs, the tree of life is associated with wisdom: "Wisdom is the tree of life for those who hold on to it, and happy [everyone] defends it." (Proverbs 3: 13-18) In 15: 4 the tree of life relates to calmness: "A calming tongue is the tree of life, but the error in it is a wound to the spirit."
The Book of Enoch, generally regarded as non-canonical, states that in the time of God's great judgment will give all those whose names are in the Fruit of Life to eat from the Tree of Life.
Buddhism
The tree Bo , also called Bodhi , according to Buddhist tradition, is pipal (Ficus religiosa) where the Buddha sits when he attains Enlightenment (Bodhi) in Bodh Gaya (near Gaya, the central-western state of Bihar, India). A live pipette in Anuradhapura, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), is said to have grown from the cutting of Bo trees sent to the city by King Ashoka in the 3rd century BC.
According to the Tibetan tradition when the Buddha went to the holy Lake Manasorovar along with 500 monks, he brought with him the energy of Prayaga Raj. Upon his arrival, he installed the energy of Prayaga Raj near Lake Manasorovar, in a place now known as Prayang. Then he planted the seed of a perennial banyan tree next to Mt. Kailash on a mountain known as "The Palace of Buddhist Medicine".
China
In Chinese mythology, the carvings of the Tree of Life depict a phoenix and a dragon; dragons often represent immortality. A Tao story tells of a tree that produces perennial fruit every three thousand years, and anyone who eats his fruit receives immortality.
Archaeological discoveries in the 1990s were a sacrificial hole in Sanxingdui in Sichuan, China. Coming from about 1200 BC, it contains three bronze trees, one of which is 4 meters tall. At the base there is a dragon, and fruit hanging from the lower branches. At the top is a birdlike creature (phoenix) with a claw. Also found in Sichuan, from the late Han Dynasty (c 25 - 220 CE), is another tree of life. The ceramic base is guarded by horned beasts with wings. The leaves of trees represent coins and humans. At the top there is a bird with coins and the Sun.
Christianity
In Catholic Christianity, the Tree of Life symbolizes the immaculate state of man, free from corruption and Original Sin before the Fall. Pope Benedict XVI says that "the Cross is the true tree of life." Saint Bonaventure teaches that the fruit of the Tree of Life is Christ Himself. Saint Albert the Great taught that the Eucharist, Body and Blood of Christ, is the Fruit of the Tree of Life. Augustine of Hippo says that the tree of life is Christ: "All these things stand for something other than what they are, but all that are themselves are the realities of the body, and when the narrator mentions that he does not use figurative language but gives explicit explanations of things that have figurative references to the fore, so the tree of life is also Christ... and indeed God does not want man to live in paradise without the mystery of the spiritual things presented to him physically, so in other trees he given food, here with the sacrament... He is rightly called whatever comes before him to signify him. "
The tree first appears in Genesis 2: 9 and 3: 22-24 as the source of eternal life in the Garden of Eden, from which access is lifted when man is driven out of the garden. Then it reappears in the last book of the Bible, the Book of Revelation, and most prominently in the last chapter of the book (Chapter 22) as part of the new heaven garden. Access is no longer forbidden, for those who "wash their robes" (or as textual variants in the King James Version have them, "those who do his commandments") "are entitled to the tree of life" (v.14). A similar statement appears in Revelation 2: 7, where the tree of life is promised as a reward for those who win. Revelation 22 begins with a reference to the "river of pure life water" which comes out of the "throne of God". The river seems to feed two living trees, one "on both sides of the river" which "yields twelve fruits" and the leaves of the tree to heal the nations "(verses 1-2).or this may indicate that the tree of life is a vine grow on both sides of the river, as will be shown by John 15: 1.
In Eastern Christianity, the tree of life is the love of God.
Islam
The "Tree of Immortality" (Arabic: ?????????) is the tree of life's motif as it appears in the Qur'an. That is also alluded to in the hadith and tafseer. Unlike the Bible story, the Qur'an mentions only one tree in Eden, also called the tree of immortality, which God specifically forbade for Adam and Eve. Satan, disguised as a serpent, repeatedly told Adam to eat from the tree, and finally both Adam and Eve did so, disobeying God. The hadith also speaks of another tree in heaven.
According to the Indian Ahmadiyya movement established in 1889, the reference to the tree is symbolic; eating from a forbidden tree signifies that Adam did not obey God.
Baha'i Faith
The concept of the tree of life appears in the writings of Baha'i Faith, where it can refer to the Manifestation of God, a great master who looks human from time to time. This example can be found in Hidden Word from BahÃÆ'¡'u'llÃÆ'¡h:
"Have you forgotten that the morning is true and radiant, when in a blessed and blessed environment you all gather in My presence under the shade of the tree of life, planted in a very great heaven? Awestruck you listen when I give a greeting to these three most sacred words: O friends! Better not your will to mine, never want what I do not want for you, and approach me not with a lifeless heart, polluted by worldly desires and desires Will you sanctify your souls, you will be at this hour of time remembering the place and its surroundings, and the truth of my sayings shall be proved to all of you. "
Also, at Tablet of Ahmad [2], from BahÃÆ'¡'u'llÃÆ'¡h:
"Verily He is the Tree of Life, which produces the fruits of God, the Most High, the Almighty, the Great".
BahÃÆ'¡'u'llÃÆ'¡h refers to his male ancestry as a limb (AghsÃÆ'¡n) and calls the woman away.
A distinction has been made between the tree of life and the tree of knowledge of good and evil. The latter represents the physical world with its opposite, as good and evil and light and dark. In a different context from the above, the tree of life symbolizes the spirit realm, in which this duality does not exist.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The tree of life appears in the Book of Mormon in revelation to Lehi. It is a symbol of God's love. The tree symbolizes or symbolizes both the Heavenly Mother, Asherah, and Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ. The fruit is described as "the most precious and the most desirable above all other fruits," which "is the greatest of all the gifts of God". In the other scriptures, salvation is called "the greatest of all the gifts of God." In the same book, eternal life is also called "the greatest of all the gifts of God". Because of these references, the tree of life and its fruit is sometimes conceived as a symbol of salvation and mortal existence in God's presence and love.
Europe
In Dictionnaire Mytho-Hermetique (Paris, 1737), Antoine-Joseph Pernety, a famous alchemist, identifies the Tree of Life with Elixir of Life and the Philosopher's Stone.
In Stephen Oppenheimer's Stephen Oppenheimer suggests that culture of tree worship emerged in Indonesia and propagated by the so-called "Younger Dryas" event c. 8000 BC, when sea level rises. This culture reached China (Szechuan), then India and the Middle East. Finally the Finno-Ugaritic strand of diffusion spreads through Russia to Finland where the Norse myth of Yggdrasil is rooted.
Georgia
The Borjgali (Georgian: ???????? ) is a symbol of the ancient Georgian Tree of Life.
Germanic paganism and Norse mythology
In Germanic paganism, trees are played (and, in the form of reconstructions of Heathenry and Germanic Neopaganism, continue to play) an important role, appearing in various aspects of the surviving text and perhaps in the name of gods.
The tree of life appears in the Norse religion as the Yggdrasil , the tree of the world, the big tree (sometimes considered a yew tree or ash) with a vast knowledge of its surroundings. Perhaps related to Yggdrasil, accounts have survived the sacred tree respecting the Germanic tribe in their society. Examples include Oak Thor, the sacred forest, the sacred tree in Uppsala, and the wooden pillar of Irminsul. In Norse Mythology, the apple of an unprovoked ash box gives immortality to the gods.
Kabbalah
Jewish mysticism depicts the Tree of Life in the form of ten interconnected nodes, as the central symbol of Kabbalah. It consists of ten Sephirot powers in the Divine realm. This panentheistic and anthropomorphic emphasis of theologicalist theology interprets the Torah, Jewish obedience, and the purpose of Creation as a symbolic esoteric drama of unification at Sephirot, restoring harmony to Creation. From the time of the Renaissance and beyond, the Jewish Kabbalah became incorporated as an important tradition in non-Jewish western culture, first through adoption by Christian Cabala, and continued in the hidden Western esotericism of the Hermetic Qabalah. This adapted the Judaic Kabbalah Tree of Life syncretically by linking it with other religious traditions, esoteric theology, and magical practice.
Mesoamerica
The concept of the world tree is a common motif in cosmology and pre-Columbian Mesoamerican iconography. The trees of the world manifest the four directions of the wind, which represent also the fourfold properties of the middle world tree, the symbolic mundi axis that connects the plane of the Underworld and the sky with the terrestrial world.
The depiction of the world's trees, both in its directional and central aspects, is found in the arts and traditions of cultural mythologies such as Maya, Aztec, Izapan, Mixtec, Olmec, and others, which are at least until the Medieval/End of Formative Chronology of Mesoamerica period. Among the Maya, the world tree is being conceived as or represented by the tree ceiba, and is known in various ways as wacah chan or yax imix che , depending on in the Mayan language. The trunk of a tree can also be represented by an upright caiman, whose skin evokes a spiny tree trunk.
The directed world's trees are also associated with the four year-old Aviators in the Mesoamerican calendar, and the colors and directed gods. The Mesoamerican Codex which has this association elaborated includes Dresden, Borgia and FejÃÆ' Â © rvÃÆ'¡ry-Mayer codices. It is estimated that Mesoamerican sites and ceremonial centers often have trees that are actually planted in each of the four directions of the wind, representing the concept of quadripartite.
The world's trees are often depicted with birds in their branches, and their roots extend to the earth or water (sometimes above "water monsters," the symbol of the underworld). The middle world tree has also been interpreted as a representation of the Bimasakti band.
North America
In myths passed down between Iroquois, The World Behind the Turtle , explains the origin of the land where the tree of life is explained. According to myth, it is found in heaven, where the first man lived, until a pregnant woman fell and landed in endless seas. Saved by a giant tortoise from drowning, he forms the world on his back by planting the skin that is taken from a tree.
The tree-life motif is present in Ojibway's traditional cosmology and tradition. Sometimes described as Grandmother Cedar, or Nookomis Giizhig in Anishinaabemowin.
In the book Black Elk Speaks, Black Elk, an Oglala Lakota (Sioux) wi? HÃÆ'¡? Crewman? ÃÆ'¡? (the herbalist and saint), explaining his vision after dancing an ever-blooming dying tree he was transported to another world (the spirit world) where he met wise elders, 12 men and 12 women. The elders told Black Elk that they would take him to meet "Our Father, two-legged head" and take him to the center of the circle where he saw the tree with full leaves and blooms and the "head" standing against the tree. Out of the trance, he hopes to see that the earthly tree has bloomed, but is dead.
Serer religion
In Serer religion, the tree of life as a religious concept forms the basis of the Serer cosmogony. Trees are the first thing created on Earth by the highest Roog (or Koox among Cangin). In the competing version of the myth of Serer's creation, Somb (Prosopis africana ) and the tree Saas (acacia albida) are both seen as tree of life. However, the prevailing view is that, Somb is the first tree on Earth and the ancestor of plant life. The Somb is also used in Serer tumuli and burial chambers, many of which have survived for over a thousand years. Thus, Somb is not just the Tree of Life in Serer society, but the symbol of immortality.
Turkish
The World Tree or Tree of Life is a central symbol in Turkish mythology. This is a common motif on the carpet.
In 2009 was introduced as the main design of the sub-unit 5 Turkish Lira kuru ?.
Maps Tree of life
Popular culture
The Austrian symbolist Gustav Klimt portrays his version of the tree of life in his painting, the Tree of Life, Stoclet Frieze. This iconic painting then inspires the external facade of the "New Residence Hall" (also called "Tree House"), a colorful 21st floor student living room at the Massachusetts College of Art and Design in Boston, Massachusetts.
In the poem of George Herbert The Sacrifice (part of The Temple , 1633), the Tree of Life is the place where Jesus Christ was crucified. In C. S. Lewis' Chronicles of Narnia , the Tree of Life plays a role, especially in the sixth published book (the first in chronology in the world) The Magician's Nephew .
The Alex Proyas 2009 movie Knowing ends with two young protagonists directed to the Tree of Life.
Physical "tree of life"
- The Arborvitae gets its name from Latin for "tree of life."
- The Tule tree of Aztec mythology is also associated with the original tree. This Tule tree can be found in Oaxaca, Mexico.
- There is a Tree of Life in Bahrain.
- Metaphor: The tree in Utah is a 87 foot (27 m) statue in the Utah Bonneville Salt Flats, also known as the "Tree of Life."
- In some parts of the Caribbean and in the Philippines, coconuts are considered "tree of life" because its parts can be easily used for short/medium term survival such as food, shelter, and various equipment.
- The Disney Animal Kingdom Amusement Park has an artificial tree dubbed the "Tree of Life", which has about 325 carvings of various species of animals. Inside the tree there is a Difficult Being Bug! tug.
- The Moringa oleifera tree of West Africa is considered a "tree of life" or "magic tree" by some because it is the most nutritious plant-based source found on the planet. Modern scientists and some missionary groups have considered the plant as a possible solution for malnutrition treatment and assistance for people with HIV/AIDS.
See also
References
Further reading
- Marsella, Elena Maria (1966). The Quest for Eden . New York: Library of Philosophy. ISBN: 0802210635.
External links
- tolweb.org - Tree of Life Project at tolweb.org
- OneZoom Tree of Life Explorer at onezoom.org
- Trees For Life at treesforlife.org
- Moringa at demoringa.com - Encyclopedia illustrated in Spanish in Moringa
- [3] The Ilanot project. Haifa Union.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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