BlackBerry is a line of smartphones, tablets and services originally designed and marketed by a Canadian company, BlackBerry Limited (formerly known as Research In Motion, or RIM). It is currently designed, manufactured and marketed by TCL Communication (under the BlackBerry Mobile brand), BB Merah Putih, and Optiemus for global, indonesian and indonesian markets (respectively) using the BlackBerry brand under license.
BlackBerry is one of the world's leading smartphone vendors, specializing in secure communications and mobile productivity, and is well known for keyboards in most of its devices. At its peak in September 2013, there were 85 million BlackBerry subscribers worldwide. However, BlackBerry has lost its dominant position in the market due to the success of the Android and iOS platforms; the same figure has dropped to 23 million in March 2016.
The BlackBerry row has traditionally used a proprietary operating system developed by BlackBerry Limited known as the BlackBerry OS. In 2013, BlackBerry introduced BlackBerry 10, a major platform change based on the QNX operating system. BlackBerry 10 is intended to replace the old BlackBerry OS platform with a new system that better suits the user experience of modern smartphone operating system. The first BB10-powered device is the BlackBerry Z10, followed by another model equipped with all the touches and keyboards; including BlackBerry Q10, BlackBerry Classic, BlackBerry Passport, and BlackBerry Leap.
In 2015, BlackBerry refocused its business strategy and began releasing Android-based smartphones, starting with BlackBerry Priv slider and then BlackBerry DTEK50. On September 28, 2016, BlackBerry announced it would stop designing its own phone for licensing the partners. TCL Communication became the global licensee of this brand, under the name "BlackBerry Mobile." Optiemus Infacom, under the name BlackBerry Mobile India, and BB Merah Putih also serve as the licensee of the brand, serving the Indian and Indonesian markets, respectively.
In February 2017, BlackBerry Mobile released BlackBerry KEYone, which is known to have a physical keyboard under 4.5-inch screen, has great battery life, and the latest device designed by BlackBerry Limited. BlackBerry Mobile's latest Android smartphone is BlackBerry Motion. This device, along with BlackBerry Magis BB Red Purih form the current BlackBerry lineup.
While BlackBerry Limited maintains control of BlackBerry Messenger, the consumer version is also being developed and maintained by Emtek.
Video BlackBerry
Histori
RIM, founded in Waterloo, Ontario, first developed Inter @ ctive Pager 900, announced on September 18, 1996. Inter @ ctive Pager 900 is a clamshell type device that allows two-way paging. After the success of 900, Inter @ ctive Pager 800 was created for IBM, which bought US $ 10 million on February 4, 1998. The next device to be released is Inter @ ctive Pager 950, on August 26, 1998. The first device that carries the name BlackBerry is a BlackBerry 850, an email pager, released January 19, 1999. Though identical in the 950 view, the 850 is the first device to integrate email and the name Inter @ ctive Pager is no longer used for device brands.
The first BlackBerry device, 850, was introduced in 1999 as a two-way pager in Munich, Germany. The name of the BlackBerry was created by the Lexicon Branding marketing company. The name was chosen because of the resemblance of the keyboard key with the one on the druple which makes up the blackberry fruit.
Original BlackBerry devices, RIM 850 and 857, use the DataTAC network. In 2002, the more commonly known BlackBerry converged smartphone, which supports push email, mobile phones, text messaging, Internet faxing, Web search and other wireless information services.
BlackBerry gained market share in the mobile industry by concentrating on email. BlackBerry began offering email services on non-BlackBerry devices, such as Palm Treo, through proprietary BlackBerry Connect software.
The original BlackBerry device has a monochrome display while newer models install a color display. All new models have been optimized for "aiming", use only thumbs to type on the keyboard. The Storm 1 and Storm 2 include the SureType keypad for typing. Initially, system navigation was achieved by using the scroll wheel mounted on the right side of the device model before 8700. Trackwheel was replaced by a trackball with Pearl series recognition, which enabled four-way scrolling. Trackball is replaced by an optical trackpad with the introduction of the Curve 8500 series. Models made to use iDEN networks, such as Nextel, SouthernLINC, NII Holdings, and Mike also incorporate push-to-talk (PTT) features, similar to two-way radios.
On January 30, 2013, BlackBerry announced the release of Z10 and Q10 smartphones. Both models consist of touch screen: Z10 has all-touch design features and Q10 combines QWERTY keyboard with touch screen feature.
During the second quarter of 2013, BlackBerry sold 6.8 million handsets, but was hindered by sales of Nokia's Lumia competitor models for the first time.
On August 12, 2013, BlackBerry announced its intention to sell the company due to their increasingly unfavorable financial position and competition in the mobile industry. In large part due to lower-than-expected sales on the Z10, BlackBerry announced on September 20, 2013 that 4,500 full and part-time positions (about 40% of its operations) have been discontinued and its product line has been reduced from six to four models. On September 23, 2013, Fairfax Financial, which owns a 10% equity stake in BlackBerry, made an offer to acquire BlackBerry for $ 4.7 billion (at $ 9.00 per share). After the announcement, BlackBerry announces receipt of a temporary offer but will continue to seek additional offers until November 4, 2013.
On November 4, 2013, BlackBerry replaced Thorsten Heins with the new interim CEO, John S. Chen, former CEO of Sybase. On November 8, the BlackBerry board rejected proposals from several technology companies for various BlackBerry assets on the grounds that separation does not serve the interests of all stakeholders, including employees, customers and suppliers in addition to shareholders, said the source, who did not want to be identified because of discussions confidential. On November 13, 2013, Chen released an open message: "We are committed to reclaim our success."
In early July 2014, the online publication TechCrunch published an article titled "BlackBerry Is One of the Hottest Shares of 2014, Seriously", after a 50 percent increase in company shares, a larger increase from peer companies such as Apple and Google; however, the analysis of BlackBerry's financial results shows that no revenue or profit margins are upgraded, but, on the contrary, costs are greatly reduced. During the same period, BlackBerry also introduced a new Passport handset - consisting of a 4.5 inch (11 cm) square screen with a "Full HD-class" resolution (1,440 x 1,440) and marketed to professional fields such as health care and architecture - promoting the Messenger app and released a small update to the BB10 mobile operating system.
On December 17, 2014, BlackBerry Classic was introduced; This is intended to be more in line with the previous Bold series, incorporating navigation buttons similar to previous BlackBerry OS devices. When discontinued in June 2016, it was the last BlackBerry with a keyboard that dominated the front of the phone in the classic style.
In September 2015, BlackBerry officially launched BlackBerry Priv, a phablet slider that utilizes the Android operating system with added security and productivity-oriented features inspired by the BlackBerry operating system. However, BlackBerry COO Marty Beard told Bloomberg that "The company never said we would not build another BB10 device."
On July 26, 2016, the company hinted that another model with a physical keyboard "coming soon". On the same day, BlackBerry launched a mid-range Android model with only the on-screen keyboard, BlackBerry DTEK50, powered by the latest version of Android, 6.0, Marshmallow. (The Priv can also be upgraded to 6.0) This device features a full 5.2 inch high definition display. BlackBerry chief security officer David Kleidermacher emphasized data security during the launch, pointing out that this model includes malware protection and encryption of all built-in user information. Industry watchers point out that DTEK50 is a re-branded version of Alcatel Idol 4 with additional security-oriented software adjustments, made and designed by TCL.
In September 2016, BlackBerry Limited approved a licensing partnership with an Indonesian company to establish a new joint venture called "BB Merah Putih" for "sourcing, distributing and marketing BlackBerry handsets in Indonesia".
On October 25, 2016, BlackBerry released BlackBerry DTEK60, the second device in the DTEK series, manufactured and designed by TCL. The device has a 5.5-inch Quad-HD touchscreen running on a Qualcomm Snapdragon 820 processor with support for Quick Charge 3.0, USB Type-C, and fingerprint sensors.
In October 2016, it was announced that BlackBerry would work with Ford Motor Company Canada to develop software for vehicles connected to car manufacturers.
In February 2017, a $ 20 million class action lawsuit against BlackBerry was announced by a former employee of the company.
In March 2017, BB Merah Putih announced BlackBerry Aurora, a device made and sold by Indonesia, running the Android 7.0-based operating system out of the box.
In March 2018, it was announced that the BlackBerry would work with Jaguar Land Rover to develop software for vehicle manufacturers.
Intellectual property litigation
NTP Inc Cases
In 2000 the NTP sent a notice of its wireless email patent to a number of companies and offered them patent licenses. NTP carries a patent infringement lawsuit against one of the companies, Research In Motion, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. The court is renowned for its adherence to schedules and deadlines, sometimes referred to as "rocket-mapet", and highly efficient in attempting patent cases.
The jury finally found that the NTP patent is valid; furthermore, the jury has determined that RIM has violated the patent in a "deliberate" manner, and the offense has cost NTP US $ 33 million (greater than a reasonable royalty or lost profit). Judge James R. Spencer, raising losses of up to US $ 53 million as punishment for the nature of a deliberate offense. He also instructed RIM to pay NTP legal fees of US $ 4.5 million and issue an order to order RIM to stop and stop infringing its patents - this decision would result in the closure of the BlackBerry system in the US. RIM appealed against all court findings. Other orders and fixes are still awaiting the outcome of the appeal.
In March 2005 on appeal, RIM and NTP tried to negotiate their dispute resolution; the settlement is $ 450 million. Negotiations failed due to other problems. On June 10, 2005, the matter went back to court. In early November 2005, the US Department of Justice filed a brief request that RIM's services be allowed to continue due to the large number of BlackBerry users in the US Federal Government.
In January 2006, the US Supreme Court refused to hear RIM's appeal for holding responsibility for patent infringement, and the matter was returned to a lower court. The previous decision provided to prevent all RIM sales in the US and the use of BlackBerry devices may have been upheld by the presiding judge because the parties could not reach the settlement.
On February 9, 2006, the US Department of Defense (DOD) submitted a brief stating that an order to shut down a BlackBerry service while excluding government users could not be executed. DOD also stated that BlackBerry is very important for national security given the large number of government users.
On February 9, 2006, RIM announced that it has developed a software solution that will not infringe NTP patents, and will apply them if the order is enforced.
On March 3, 2006, following the loud warning from Judge Spencer, RIM and NTP announced that they had resolved their dispute. Under the terms of settlement, RIM has agreed to pay NTP $ 612.5 million (USD) in "full and final settlement of all claims." In a statement, RIM said that "all terms of the agreement have been settled and litigation against RIM has been dismissed by a court order this afternoon.The agreement eliminates the need for further court proceedings or decisions relating to damages or damages." The number of settlements is believed to be low by some analysts, due to the absence of future royalties on the technology concerned.
On May 26, 2017, BlackBerry announced that it has reached an agreement with Qualcomm Incorporated to settle all amounts paid in respect of a provisional arbitration award announced on 12 April 2017. After joint determination by the parties, the arbitration panel has issued a final decision. rewards Qualcomm for BlackBerry payments totaling US $ 940,000,000 including interest and attorney fees, less certain royalties due from BlackBerry for 2016 calendar and calendar first quarter 2017.
KIK
On November 24, 2010, Research In Motion (RIM) removes Kik Messenger from BlackBerry App World and limits software functionality to its users. RIM also sued Kik Interactive for patent infringement and misuse of trademarks. In October 2013, the company completed the lawsuit, with an undisclosed requirement.
Facebook and Instagram
In 2018 it was reported that BlackBerry would file a lawsuit against Facebook for alleged infringement of intellectual property both within Facebook Messenger and WhatsApp as well as with Instagram.
BlackBerry retail store
Many BlackBerry retail stores operate outside of North America, such as in Thailand, Indonesia, United Arab Emirates, and Mexico. In December 2007, the BlackBerry Store opened in Farmington Hills, Michigan. This store offers BlackBerry device models from AT & amp; T, T-Mobile, Verizon, and Sprint, the main US carriers offering smartphones. There were three previous attempts to open BlackBerry stores in Toronto and London (UK), but they eventually folded. There are also BlackBerry Shops operated by Wireless Giant at airports in Atlanta, Boston, Charlotte, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Philadelphia, Houston, and Newark, but some have been scheduled to close.
On September 23, 2015, Blackberry opened its first pop-up store in Frankfurt, Germany.
2005, 2007, 2009, 2011 & amp; 2012 out
At various stages of company history, the company occasionally suffered a blackout of service that has been termed in the media as "shameful".
In 2005 the company experienced a relatively short-term outage reported among a small handful of North American carriers. This service is done after a few hours.
In 2007, the e-mail service suffered a disruption that caused calls by some to question the integrity of the BlackBerry's perceived centralization system.
In 2009 the company experienced blackouts reportedly covering all of North America.
In 2011-10-10 10:00 UTC initiates multi-day blackouts in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, affecting millions of BlackBerry users. There was another blackout the next day. On October 12, 2011, the Blackberry Internet Service went down in North America. Research In Motion connects data overload due to switch failure in their two data centers at Waterloo in Canada and Slough in the UK as a cause of service disruption. The blackout raised the call of shareholders to shake the company's leadership. Some estimates by BlackBerry are that the company lost between $ 50 million to $ 54 million due to the failure of global email services and blackouts in 2011.
Maps BlackBerry
Certification
- BCESA (BlackBerry Enterprise Certified Sales Partner, BCESA40 fully) is BlackBerry Certification for BlackBerry Research BlackBerry® smartphone (RIM) professional users. Certification requires users to pass several exams related to the BlackBerry Device, all of its functions including Desktop software and provide technical support to BlackBerry Device Subscribers.
The BCESA, a qualified BlackBerry Sales Associated Enterprise Associate, is the first of three levels of professional BlackBerry Certification.
- BCTA (BlackBerry Certified Technical Partner)
- BlackBerry T2 Certified Support Association
More information about certification is available on the BlackBerry.com website.
Available BlackBerry Technical Certifications are:
- BlackBerry Enterprise Server Certified Consultant (BCESC)
- BlackBerry Certified Server Support Technician (BCSST)
- BlackBerry Certified Support Technician (BCSTR)
Products
Perangkat Android:
- Blackberry KEY2 (2018)
- BlackBerry Motion (2017)
- BlackBerry Aurora (2017)
- Blackberry KEYone (2017)
- Blackberry DTEK60 (2016)
- Blackberry DTEK50 (2016)
- BlackBerry Priv (2015)
Perangkat BlackBerry 10:
- BlackBerry Leap (2015)
- BlackBerry Classic (2014)
- BlackBerry Passport (2014)
- Blackberry Porsche Design P'9983 (2014)
- BlackBerry Z3 (2014)
- BlackBerry Z30 (2013)
- Blackberry Porsche Design P'9982 (2013)
- BlackBerry Q10 (2013)
- BlackBerry Z10 (2013)
- BlackBerry Q5 (2013)
BlackBerry device 7:
- BlackBerry Bold series (2011): BlackBerry Bold 9900/9930/9790
- BlackBerry 9720 (2013)
- BlackBerry Porsche Design (2012): BlackBerry Porsche Design P'9981
- BlackBerry Torch series (2011): BlackBerry Torch 9810
- BlackBerry Torch series (2011): BlackBerry Torch 9850/9860
- BlackBerry Curve Series (2011): BlackBerry 9350/9360/9370/9380
- BlackBerry Curve 9320/9220 (2012)
Perangkat BlackBerry 6:
- seri BlackBerry Torch (2010): BlackBerry Torch 9800
- Seri BlackBerry Curve (2010): BlackBerry Curve 9300/9330
- BlackBerry Style 9670 (2010)
- BlackBerry Pearl series (2010): BlackBerry Pearl 3G 9100/9105
- Seri BlackBerry Bold (2010-2011): BlackBerry Bold 9780/9788
BlackBerry devices 5:
- BlackBerry Bold series (2008-2010): BlackBerry Bold 9000/9700/9650
- BlackBerry Tour series (2009): BlackBerry Tour (9630)
- BlackBerry Storm series (2009): BlackBerry Storm 2 (9520/9550)
- BlackBerry Storm (2008) series: BlackBerry Storm (9500/9530)
- BlackBerry Curve Series (2009-2010): BlackBerry Curve 8900 (8900/8910/8980)
- BlackBerry Curve Series (2009): BlackBerry Curve 8520/8530
Blackberry Device 4:
- BlackBerry 8800 series (2007): BlackBerry 8800/8820/8830
- BlackBerry Pearl series (2006): BlackBerry Pearl 8100/8110/8120/8130
- BlackBerry Pearl Flip series (2008): BlackBerry Pearl Flip 8220/8230
- BlackBerry Curve Series (2007): BlackBerry Curve 8300 (8300/8310/8320/8330/8350i)
Blackberry Device 3:
- Blackberry Java-based series: 5000, 6000
Blackberry Device 2:
- Blackberry phone series: 7100
- Blackberry color series: 7200, 7500, 7700
Blackberry Device 1:
- Blackberry pager model: 850, 857, 950, 957
Hardware
Modern LTE-based phones like the BlackBerry Z10 have Qualcomm Snapdragon S4 Plus, an exclusive Qualcomm SOC based on the ARMv7-A architecture, featuring two Qualcomm Krait 1.5 GHz CPUs, and a 400 MHz Adreno 225 GPU. GSM-based BlackBerry phones incorporate ARM 7, 9 or 11 processors. Some BlackBerry models (Torch 9850/9860, Torch 9810, and Bold 9900/9930) have a 1.2 GHz MSM8655 Snapdragon S2 SOC, 768 MB system memory and 8 GB of on- board. The entry-level models, such as the Curve 9360, feature the Marvell PXA940 clock at 800 MHz.
Some of the earlier BlackBerry devices, such as the Bold 9000, are equipped with Intel XScale 624Ã, MHz processors. The Bold 9700 features a newer version of the Bold 9000 processor but clocks at the same speed. Curve 8520 features 512Ã, MHz processors, while BlackBerry 8000 series smartphones, such as the 8700 and Pearl, are based on ARM XScale ARMv5TE 312 MHz PXA900. The exception to this is the BlackBerry 8707 which is based on the Qualcomm 3250 80-MHz chipset; this is because the PXA900 chipset does not support 3G networks. The 80-MHz processor in BlackBerry 8707 means the device is often slower to download and render web pages over 3G than 8700 over EDGE networks. Early BlackBerry devices, such as the BlackBerry 950, use Intel 80386-based processors.
The latest flagship BlackBerry smartphone BlackBerry Z30 is based on 5 "Super AMOLED, 1280x720 resolution, 295 ppi 24-bit color depth and supported by Quad-Graphics and Qualcomm Dual Core 1.7 GHz MSM8960T Pro.
The first BlackBerry with the Android operating system was released in late November 2015, BlackBerry Priv with 192 grams/6.77 ounces. It was launched with version 5.1.1 but later upgraded to Android Marshmallow 6.0 version. It was first available in four countries but increased to 31 countries on February 28, 2016. By using Qualcomm 8992 Snapdragon 808 Hexa-Core, 64 bit, Adreno 418, GPU 600Ã, MHz with 3GB RAM processor, this unit is equipped with 5 arch components, 4-inch (2560 x 1440) OLED screen and sliding QWERTY keyboard are hidden when not in use; Google voice recognition that allows to dictate e-mail is also available. Priv retains the best BlackBerry 10 features. The 3.410mAh battery is said to provide 22.5 hours of mixed use. The 18-megapixel camera, with Schneider-Kreuznach lens, can also record 4K videos; secondary selfie camera is also provided. Some of the unique apps unique to Priv are available from Google Play in mid-December.
Software
The new operating system, BlackBerry 10, was released for two new BlackBerry models (Z10 and Q10) on January 30, 2013. In BlackBerry World 2012, RIM CEO Thorsten Heins pointed out some new OS features, including a camera that can rewind frame by frame separately from each faces in an image, to allow for the selection of the best different images, which are then seamlessly sealed into the optimum composite, smart, predictable, and adaptable keyboard, and user-driven interface designed around the idea of ​​"peeping" and "flowing". The app is available for BlackBerry devices 10 through the BlackBerry World storefront.
The previous operating system developed for older BlackBerry devices is BlackBerry OS, the exclusive multitasking environment developed by RIM. The operating system is designed for the use of input devices such as track wheel, track ball, and track pad. The OS provides support for Java MIDP 1.0 and WAP 1.2. Previous versions allow wireless synchronization with Microsoft Exchange Server email and calendar, as well as with Lotus Domino email. OS 5.0 provides a subset of MIDP 2.0, and allows full wireless activation and synchronization with Exchange email, calendar, tasks, notes and contacts, and adds support for Novell GroupWise and Lotus Notes. BlackBerry Curve 9360, BlackBerry Torch 9810, Bold 9900/9930, Curve 9310/9320 and Torch 9850/9860 display BlackBerry OS 2011 7. Applications available for this device via BlackBerry World (which before 2013 is called BlackBerry App World).
Third-party developers can write software using this API, and exclusive BlackBerry APIs as well. Any app that uses certain restricted functions must be digitally signed so that it can be associated with a developer account in RIM. This signing procedure guarantees the authorship of the application but does not guarantee the quality or security of the code. RIM provides tools to develop applications and themes for BlackBerry. Applications and themes can be loaded onto BlackBerry devices via BlackBerry World, Over The Air (OTA) via BlackBerry mobile browser, or through the BlackBerry Desktop Manager.
BlackBerry devices, as well as Android, iOS, and Windows Phone platforms, have the ability to use exclusive BlackBerry Messenger, also known as BBM, software to send and receive encrypted instant messages, voice notes, images and videos via BlackBerry PIN. As long as your phone has data packets, all these messages are free. Some BBM features include groups, bar code scans, lists, shared calendars, BBM Music and integration with apps and games using the BBM social platform.
In April 2013, BlackBerry announced that it was closing its music streaming service, BBM Music, which has been active for almost two years since its launch. BlackBerry Messenger Music closed on June 2, 2013.
In July 2014, BlackBerry revealed BlackBerry Assistant, a new feature for BlackBerry OS 10.3, and BlackBerry Passport hardware. This feature is a personal digital assistant to help you stay "organized, informed, and productive."
In December 2014, BlackBerry and NantHealth, a health-focused data provider, launched a secure cancer genomic browser, giving doctors the ability to access patient genetic data on BlackBerry Passport smartphones.
Phone with BlackBerry email client
Some non-BlackBerry phones have been released that feature BlackBerry email clients connected to the BlackBerry server. Many of these phones have full QWERTY keyboards.
- AT & amp; T Tilt
- HTC Advantage X7500
- HTC TyTN
- Motorola MPx220, some models
- Nokia 6810
- Nokia 6820
- Nokia 9300
- Nokia 9300i
- Nokia 9500
- Nokia Eseries phones, except for the Nokia E66 model, Nokia E71
- Qtek 9100
- Qtek 9000
- Samsung t719
- Siemens SK65
- Sony Ericsson P910
- Sony Ericsson P990
- Sony Ericsson M600i
- Sony Ericsson P1
Third-party software
Third-party software available for use on BlackBerry devices includes a full-featured database management system, which can be used to support customer relationship management clients and other applications that need to manage large volumes of potentially complex data.
In March 2011, RIM announced an optional Android player that can play apps developed for the Android system will be available for BlackBerry PlayBook, RIM's first entry in the tablet market.
On August 24, 2011 Bloomberg News reported unofficial rumors that BlackBerry devices will be able to run Android apps when RIM brings QNX and Android App Player to BlackBerry. On October 20, 2011 RIM officially announces that Android apps can run, unmodified, on BlackBerry tablets and latest BlackBerry phones, using the latest version of its operating system.
Connectivity
BlackBerry smartphones can be integrated into the organization's email system via a software package called BlackBerry Enterprise Server (BES) via version 5, and BlackBerry Enterprise Service (BES) in version 10. (No versions 6 through 9.). The BES version is available for Microsoft Exchange, Lotus Domino, Novell GroupWise, and Google Apps. While individual users may be able to use wireless provider email services without having to install their own BES, organizations with multiple users usually run BES on their own network. BlackBerry devices running BlackBerry OS 10 or later can also be managed directly by Microsoft Exchange Server, using Exchange ActiveSync (EAS) policies, in the same way as iOS or Android devices. (EAS supports fewer management controls than BES.) Some third-party companies provide BES solutions provided. Each BlackBerry has a unique ID called BlackBerry PIN, which is used to identify the device to BES. BlackBerry at one time provides a free BES software called BES Express (BESX).
The main BES feature is to relay email from corporate mailboxes to BlackBerry phones. BES monitors user mailboxes, delivering new messages to the phone via the BlackBerry Network Operating Center (NOC) and the user's wireless provider. This feature is known as push email, as all new emails, contacts, task entries, memopad entries, and calendar entries are pushed out to the BlackBerry device immediately (as opposed to a user syncing data manually or having a server polling device at intervals).
BlackBerry also supports email polling, via third party apps. Messaging systems built on BlackBerry only understand how to receive messages from BES or BIS, this service handles connections to user mail providers. Device storage also allows mobile users to access all offline data in areas without wireless service. When a user connects to a wireless service, BES sends the most recent data.
The feature of newer models of BlackBerry is their ability to quickly track the current user location through trilateration without using GPS, saving time and battery life. Trilateration can be used as a quick, less battery-intensive way to provide location-conscious apps with user coordinates. However, BlackBerry trilateration accuracy is less than GPS due to a number of factors, including the blockage of cell towers by large buildings, mountains, or distances.
BES also provides mobile phones with TCP/IP connectivity accessed through a component called MDS (Mobile Data System) Connection Service. It enables custom application development using data flow on BlackBerry devices based on Sun Microsystems Java ME platform.
In addition, BES provides network security, in the form of Triple DES or, more recently, AES encryption for all data (both email and MDS traffic) that travel between BlackBerry phones and BlackBerry Enterprise Server.
Most providers offer flat monthly rates through special Blackberry rates for unlimited data between BlackBerry and BES units. In addition to receiving email, organizations can create intranet or custom internal apps with unlimited traffic.
With the newer version of the BlackBerry platform, MDS is no longer a requirement for wireless data access. Starting with OS 3.8 or 4.0, BlackBerry phones can access the Internet (ie TCP/IP access) without MDS - previously only email and WAP access is possible without BES/MDS. BES/MDS is still required for secure email, data access, and applications requiring WAP from operators that do not allow WAP access.
The main alternative to using BlackBerry Enterprise Server is to use BlackBerry Internet Service (BIS). BlackBerry Internet Service is available in 91 countries internationally. BlackBerry Internet Service is developed primarily for the average consumer rather than for business consumers. This service allows users to access POP3, IMAP, and Outlook Web account accounts (not via Exchange ActiveSync) without being connected via BlackBerry Enterprise Server (BES). BlackBerry Internet Service allows up to 10 email accounts to access, including both your own and public email accounts (such as Gmail, Outlook, Yahoo, and AOL). BlackBerry Internet Service also supports push capabilities from various other BlackBerry Applications. Various applications developed by RIM for BlackBerry utilize BIS push capabilities, such as Instant Messaging clients (such as Google Talk, Windows Live Messenger and Yahoo Messenger). MMS, PIN, interactive games, mapping, and trading applications require data packets like BIS (not just Wi-Fi) to use. These services are usually provided through the mobile phone service providers, although BlackBerry actually runs the service.
BlackBerry PIN
The BlackBerry PIN ( P igal I dentification N umber) is the eight-character hexadecimal identification number assigned to each BlackBerry device. The PIN can not be manually changed on the device (although BlackBerry technicians can reset or update the server side of the PIN), and are locked for each specific BlackBerry. BlackBerry devices can send messages using PIN directly or by using the BlackBerry Messenger application. BlackBerry PINs are tracked by BlackBerry Enterprise Server and BlackBerry Internet Service and are used to redirect messages to BlackBerry devices. Emails and other messages, such as from the BlackBerry Push Service, are usually directed to BlackBerry device PIN. The message can then be directed by the RIM Network Operations Center, and sent to the operator, which will send messages to the last mile to the device. In September 2012 RIM announced that the BlackBerry PIN will be replaced by BlackBerry ID users starting in 2013 with the launch of the BlackBerry 10 platform.
Competition and financial results
The main competitors of BlackBerry are Android and iPhone smartphones. BlackBerry has struggled to compete with both and its market share has fallen since 2011, leading to speculation that it will not be able to survive as an independent survival. However, it has maintained its important position in several markets.
Despite the loss of market share, globally, the number of active BlackBerry subscribers has increased substantially over the years. For example, for the fiscal period on which Apple iPhone was first released, RIM reported that they have a subscriber base of 10.5 million BlackBerry subscribers. At the end of 2008, when Android first entered the market, RIM reported that the number of BlackBerry subscribers has increased to 21 million. Finally, in the quarter ended June 28, 2012, RIM announced that the number of BlackBerry subscribers has reached 78 million globally. After the release of Apple iPhone 5 in September 2012, RIM CEO Thorsten Heins announced that global customers are currently reaching up to 80 million, which sparked a 7% surge in stocks.
However, since then, BlackBerry's global user base (which means active accounts) has dropped dramatically since its peak of 80 million in June 2012, down to 46 million users in September 2014. Its global market share also declined to less than 1 percent.
In 2011, BlackBerry shipped 43% of all smartphones to Indonesia. As of April 2014, this figure dropped to 3%. The decline in Indonesia's market share reflects the global trend for companies (0.6% of North America). The retail price of 2,199,000 Indonesian Rupiah ($ 189) failed to give BlackBerry a needed boost in Indonesia. The company launched the device with a discount offer to the first 1000 buyers, resulting in a raid in the capital where several people were injured. BlackBerry lost its market share in Indonesia despite the launch of the Z3 on May 13, 2014. The new device was given worldwide launch in the city of Jakarta and came on the back of the news that Research in Motion (RIM) is to cut hardware production costs by outsourcing the Foxconn Group. based in Taiwan.
During the third quarter 2015 report on December 18, 2015, the company said that about 700,000 handsets had been sold, down from 1.9 million in the same quarter in 2014, and down from 800,000 in Q2 in 2015. Average selling price per unit up from $ 240 to $ 315, however. This should continue to increase with the sale of new Priv Android devices sold at a premium price ($ 800 in Canada, for example). In Q3 of 2015, BlackBerry had a net loss of $ 89 million US or 17 cents per share, but only a net loss of $ 15 million, or three cents per share, when excluding restructuring costs and other one-time items.
Revenues rose slightly from a year earlier, at $ 557 million US vs. $ 548 million, primarily due to software sales. Chief executive officer John Chen said he expects the company's software business to grow at (14 percent) or above the market. At the time, the company was not yet ready to deliver sales figures for Android-based handsets that had been released just weeks earlier, and only in four countries at the time, but Chen offered this comment to analysts: "Depending on how Priv is not... there chances are we can reach or approach the break-even profitability of operations for our entire device business in the fourth quarter ".
Due to continuous reductions in BlackBerry users, in February 2016, Blackberry Headquarters in Waterloo, Canada, cut 35 percent of its workforce. In early 2016, Blackberry's market share fell to 0.2%. In Q4 2016, reports show Blackberry sells only 207,900 units - equivalent to a market share of 0.0%.
User base
Number of active BlackBerry users since 2003 globally:
Access security agent
Research in Motion agreed to grant access to private communications to the governments of the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia in 2010, and India in 2012. Saudi and UAE governments have threatened to ban certain services because their law enforcement agencies can not decrypt messages between people, people interest.
It was revealed as part of the mass surveillance disclosure of 2013 that American and British intelligence agencies, National Security Agency (NSA) and Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) respectively, have access to user data on BlackBerry devices. The agency can read virtually all smartphone information, including SMS, location, e-mail, and notes via the BlackBerry Internet Service, operating outside the corporate network, and which, in contrast to data passing through internal BlackBerry services (BES), is compress but not encrypt data.
The document states that the NSA can access the BlackBerry e-mail system and that they can "view and read SMS traffic". There was a brief period in 2009 when the NSA was unable to access BlackBerry devices, after BlackBerry changed the way they compressed their data. Access to device was re-established by GCHQ. GCHQ has a tool called SCRAPHEAP CHALLENGE, with the capability of "Perfect spoofing email from Blackberry targets".
Responding to statements by BlackBerry officials stated that "This is not for us to comment on media reports on alleged government oversight of telecommunications traffic" and add that "back door channels" to their platform have not been set and none.
It should be noted that similar access by intelligence services to other mobile devices exists, using similar techniques to hack them.
BlackBerry software includes support for the Dual EC DRBG CSPRNG algorithm which, as it may be backdoored by the NSA, the US National Institute of Standards and Technology "strongly recommends" is no longer in use. But BlackBerry Ltd. not issuing advice to its customers, because they do not consider the possibility of a backdoor as a vulnerability. BlackBerry Ltd. also has US patent 2007189527, which includes technical backdoor design.
Usage
The advanced (prior) encryption capabilities of BlackBerry Smartphones make it eligible for use by government agencies and state troops.
President Barack Obama
President of the United States, Barack Obama, became famous for his dependence on BlackBerry devices for communication during his 2008 Presidential campaign. Despite the security issues, he insisted on using it even after the inauguration. This is seen by some as similar to "celebrity endorsements", which marketing experts estimate to be worth between $ 25 and $ 50 million. Its use of BlackBerry continues until about the end of its presidency.
Hillary Clinton
Hillary Clinton's email controversy was linked to Hillary Clinton who continued to use his BlackBerry after assuming the post of Secretary of State.
Used by government forces
An example is the West Yorkshire Police Department, which allows for increased police presence along the way and a reduction in public spending, given that every officer can do desk work directly through mobile devices, as well as in other areas and situations. The US Federal Government has been slow to move away from the Blackberry platform, a State Department spokesman said in 2013 that the Blackberry device is still the only mobile device approved for US missions abroad by the State Department. High encryption standards that make BlackBerry smartphones and PlayBook tablets unique, have since been applied on other devices, including most Apple devices released after iPhone 4. Bangalore City Police is one of several police departments in India along with Pune Police. and Kochi Police to use BlackBerry devices.
Use by transport staff
In the United Kingdom, South West Train and Northern Rail have released BlackBerry devices to guards to improve communication between controls, guards, and passengers.
In Canada, Toronto and many other municipalities in Canada have issued BlackBerry devices to the majority of their employees including but not limited to transportation, technical, water and operating inspection staff and all management staff to improve communication between contracted construction companies, winter maintenance operations and to help and manage a multi-million dollar contract. Device is a standard mobile device for receiving e-mail that is routed from GroupWise. The City e-mail environment is currently set to support BlackBerry's "ONLY" device.
As part of their Internet of Things effort, the company announced plans to move into the shipping industry by adapting smartphones to the communications needs of container containers.
Other users
Eric Schmidt, Google Chief Executive, is an old BlackBerry user. Although smartphones running Google's Android mobile operating system compete with BlackBerry, Schmidt said in a 2013 interview that he uses BlackBerry because he prefers his keyboard.
The Italian criminal group known as' Ndrangheta reported in February 2009 has been communicating abroad with Gulf Cartel, a Mexican drug cartel, through the use of BlackBerry Messenger, because the BBM Text "is very difficult to intercept".
Note
See also
- QWERTY
- T9 (predictive text)
- BlackBerry Limited (formerly Research in Motion)
- Index of articles related to BlackBerry OS
- Smartphones comparison
- Science and technology in Canada
- PocketMac
References
- Sweeny, Alastair (2009), BlackBerry planet: the story of Research in Motion and the little device that brought the world by storm , John Wiley & amp; Sons Canada, ISBN 978-0-470-15940-8
External links
- Official website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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